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Department of Philosophy |
Fall 2002
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| Fall 2002 Course Descriptions | |||
| Course Timetable |
PHIL 001-301 INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY (FRESHMEN SEMINAR) Steven Jauss, sjauss@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 9:00-10:30
ENROLLMENT RESTRICTED TO FRESHMEN GENERAL REQUIREMENT II: HISTORY & TRADITION
PHIL 001-302 INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY (FRESHMEN SEMINAR) Kok-Chor Tan Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 10:30-12:00 PHIL 001-303 INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY (FRESHMEN SEMINAR) Kok-Chor Tan Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 1:30-3:00 An introductory survey of some central philosophical issues, including: Is there a God? What is the relationship between the mind and the body? Are free will and determinism incompatible? Readings will be taken from both contemporary and historical sources. ENROLLMENT RESTRICTED TO FRESHMEN GENERAL REQUIREMENT II: HISTORY & TRADITION
PHIL 002-001 ETHICS Professor Rahul Kumar, rakumar@nous.phil.upenn.edu Lecture: Monday, Wednesday -- 10:00-11:00 Registration Required for Lecture and Recitation RECITATIONS: PHIL 002-201 Friday - 10:00-11:00 Michael Rohlf, msrohlf@phil.upenn.edu PHIL 002-202 Friday - 10:00-11:00 Joseph Farber PHIL 002-203 Friday - 12:00-1:00 Joseph Farber, jfarber@dolphin.upenn.edu PHIL 002-204 Friday - 11:00-12:00 Michael Rohlf PHIL 002-205 Friday - 10:00-11:00 Zermatt Scutt, scutt@sas.upenn.edu PHIL 002-206 Friday - 10:00-11:00 Ece Erdivanli PHIL 002-207 Friday - 11:00-12:00 Ece Erdivanli, erdivanl@sas.upenn.edu PHIL 002-208 Friday - 12:00-1:00 Zermatt Scutt An investigation of some central philosophical questions about the nature of morality and its content. Topics to be covered include: the ideals of social life, he person, and living well that are central to Kantian and Utilitarian characterizations of moral reasoning; questions about the objectivity of moral judgments (are they subjective? Are they socially relative?); the idea of a good life and the ethical significance of death; what is the relationship between a good life and morality?; what are our obligations to others who are either spatially or temporally distant from us? Readings will be from both contemporary and historical sources. **Please note that this is NOT a class that can be taken for WATU credit**. GENERAL REQUIREMENT I: SOCIETY
PHIL 003-401 HISTORY OF ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY Professor Charles Kahn, chkahn@sas.upenn.edu Lecture: Monday, Wednesday -- 11:00-12:00 Cross Listed with: CLST 103-401 Registration Required for Lecture and Recitation WATU Credit Optional - See Instructor RECITATIONS: PHIL 003-402 Friday - 11:00-12:00 Kent Schmor, kjschmor@sas.upenn.edu Cross Listed with CLST 103-402 PHIL 003-403 Friday - 1:000-2:00 (WATU) Nathan Jun Cross Listed with CLST 103-403 PHIL 003-404 Friday - 11:00-12:00 Matthew Katz, makatz@sas.upenn.edu Cross Listed with CLST 103-404 PHIL 003-405 Friday - 9:00-10:00 (WATU) Matthew Katz Cross Listed with CLST 103-405 PHIL 003-406 Friday - 10:00-11:00 Nathan Jun, njun@sas.upenn.edu Cross Listed with CLST 103-406 PHIL 003-407 Friday -- 12:00-1:00 (WATU) Kent Schmor Cross Listed with CLST 103-407 A survey of classical Greek approaches to questions about knowledge, the nature of the world, the soul, ethics and politics. We will focus on Presocratics, Plato, and Aristotle. FULFILLS GENERAL REQUIREMENT II: HISTORY & TRADITION
PHIL 008-401 THE SOCIAL CONTRACT Professor Samuel Freeman, sfreeman@sas.upenn.edu Lecture: Monday, Wednesday -- 12:00-1:00 Cross Listed with: PPE 008-401 Registration Required for Lecture and Recitation RECITATIONS: PHIL 008-402 Friday -- 12:00-1:00 David Caswell, dcaswell@sas.upenn.edu Cross Listed with PPE 008-402 PHIL 008-403 Friday -- 10:00-11:00 Matthew Lister, mlister@sas.upenn.edu Cross Listed with PPE 008-403 PHIL 008-404 Friday -- 12:00-1:00 Susan Mills Cross Listed with PPE 008-404 PHIL 008-405 Friday -- 2:00-3:00 Susan Mills, smills@sas.upenn.edu Cross Listed with PPE 008-405 PHIL 008-406 Friday -- 1:00-2:00 David Caswell Cross Listed with PPE 008-406 PHIL 008-407 Friday -- 11:00-12:00 Matthew Lister Cross Listed with PPE 008-407 This course examines the role of social contract doctrines in Western thought and culture. We will focus on the political writings of the major modern proponents of social contract theory: Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Rawls. We will contrast their views with the utilitarian tradition, as represented by the political and economic philosophy of David Hume and Adam Smith. The relationship between social contract doctrine and the theory of rational choice is also discussed, as well as contemporary libertarianism. The course is designed to provide an introduction to some of the main issues in modern political philosophy. It is a requirement for the PPE major. GENERAL REQUIREMENT I: SOCIETY
PHIL 009-301 WRITING ABOUT MORAL ISSUES (FRESHMEN ONLY) Professor Susan Meyer, smeyer@nous.phil.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 10:30-12:00 PHIL 009-302 WRITING ABOUT MORAL ISSUES Myrna Gabbe, mgabbe@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 9:00-10:30 PHIL 009-303 WRITING ABOUT MORAL ISSUES Rory Goggins, rgoggins@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Monday, Wednesday -- 3:00-4:30 PHIL 009-304 WRITING ABOUT PHILOSOPHY Elisabeth Herschbach, elhersch@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 12:00-1:30 Discussion of several contemporary ethical topics such as limitations on freedom of expression, civil disobedience, affirmative action, privacy rights, treatment of animals, euthanasia, health care distribution, informed consent, and obligations to future generations. SECTION 301 IS RESTRICTED TO FRESHMEN ONLY SECTIONS 302, 303, AND 304 ARE RESTRICTED TO FRESHMEN AND SOPHOMORES MAY NOT BE COUNTED TOWARD A PHILOSOPHY MAJOR FULFILLS THE COLLEGE WRITING REQUIREMENT
PHIL 044-401 INTRODUCTION TO COGNITIVE SCIENCE Michael Kearns Lecture: Tuesday, Thursday -- 9:00-10:30 Cross Listed with: CSE 140-401, LING 105-401, PSYC 107 Prerequisite: An introductory course in Computer Science, Linguistics, Neuroscience, Philosophy or Psychology. Cognitive Science is founded on the realization that many problems in the analysis of human and Artificial intelligence requires an interdisciplinary approach. The course is intended to introduce undergraduates from many areas to the problems and characteristic concepts of Cognitive Science, drawing on formal and empirical approaches from the parent disciplines of computer science, linguistics, neuroscience, philosophy and psychology. The topics covered include Perception, Action, Learning, Language, Knowledge Representation and Inference, and the relations and interactions between such modules. The course shows how the different views from the parent disciplines interact, and identifies some common themes among the theories that have been proposed. The course pays particular attention to the distinctive role of computation in such theories, and provides an introduction to some of the main directions of current research in the field. It is a requirement for the BAS in Computer and Cognitive Science, the minor in Cognitive Science, and recommended for students taking the dual degree in Computer and Cognitive Science. GENERAL REQUIREMENT IV: FORMAL REASONING & ANALYSIS
PHIL 050-401 INDIAN PHILOSOPHY Valerie Stoker Lecture: Monday, Wednesday - 3:00-4:30 Cross Listed with: SARS 103-401, AMES 103-401 An introductory survey of the fundamentals of Hindu and Buddhist philosophy, the main patterns of Western response to it and some basic questions on "comparative philosophy". GENERAL REQUIREMENT II: HISTORY & TRADITION
PHIL 211-401 GREEK ETHICS Professor Susan Meyer, smeyer@nous.phil.upenn.edu TA: Paul Litton, pjl@sas.upenn.edu Lecture: Tuesday, Thursday -- 1:30-3:00 Cross Listed with: CLST 211-401 How should we live? What is the good life? These are the central questions of ancient Greek philosophical ethics. We will examine the answers to these questions offered by Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle in the Classical period, and by Stoic and Epicurean philosophers in the Hellenistic and Roman eras. Authors to be studied will include Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius. All texts will be read in English translation. GENERAL REQUIREMENT II: HISTORY & TRADITION
PHIL 239-401 GOLDEN AGE OF JEWISH PHILOSOPHY Professor Charles Manekin Lecture: Monday -- 3:00-6:00 Cross Listed with: JWST 239-401 The course will examine three hundred years of Jewish philosophy from Maimonides to the expulsion of the Jews from Spain. Attention will be paid to Maimonides and the post-Maimonidean thinkers Abner of Burgos, Moses of Narbonne, Levi Gersonides, Hasdai Crescas, and Joseph Albo. Topics to be discussed will be: the existence of God, creation, providence, prophecy, free will, and Divine knowledge. Of special interest will be the increasing influence of Christian philosophy on Jewish philosophy during this period.
PHIL 249-401 PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION Professor Karen Detlefsen, detlefse@nous.phil.upenn.edu Lecture: Tuesday, Thursday -- 3:00-4:30 Cross Listed with: WSTD 249-401 Is the purpose of education to allow individuals to better themselves by pursuing personal tastes and interests, or should education be primarily aimed at creating good citizens or good members of a group? Is there a way of reconciling these two aims? Assuming that adult relations with children are inherently paternalistic, is it possible for children to be educated for future autonomy to pursue major life goals free from such paternalistic control; and if so, how? How much, if any, control over education can be allocated to the state, even when this conflicts with the educational goals parents have for their children? Such questions are especially relevant in multicultural or pluralistic societies in which some groups within a liberal state are non-liberal. Should a liberal democratic state intervene in education to ensure the development of children's personal autonomy, or must toleration of non-liberal groups prevail even at the expense of children's autonomy? These are among the questions we shall ask and try to answer. We shall begin with a brief overview of the educational theories of some key historical figures before turning to current debates surrounding the role and purpose of education in multicultural, liberal-democratic societies.
PHIL 344-301 WITTGENSTEIN: MIND AND LANGUAGE Professor Thomas Ricketts, ricketts@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 3:00-4:30 This course will examine some of the leading ideas of the later philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein via a close study of extended parts of his book Philosophical Investigations. Among the topics we will consider are ostensive definitions, family resemblances, understanding, rule-following, privacy, consciousness, and the self. Class meetings will be a mixture of lecture and discussion. Written work for the class will be six or so short and medium-sized paper (e-10 pages). A final paper and conversation about the paper will replace the final exam. PHILOSOPHY MAJORS ONLY
PHIL 372-301 MORALITY AND RESPONSIBILITY Professor Rahul Kumar, rakumar@nous.phil.upenn.edu Seminar: Monday, Wednesday -- 3:00-4:30 In this seminar we will be concerned with issues of moral responsibility and their relationship to ethical theory. Issues to be discussed include: why does it matter to us that we both understand ourselves as being, and are treated by others as responsible for our conduct? Can our practices of holding one another responsible for what we do be morally justified? Are we responsible for those aspects of ourselves that we do not consciously choose? What sorts of considerations count as mitigating responsibility, and why? What role does luck play in the assessment of individual responsibility? Is talk of "corporate responsibility" or "state responsibility" intelligible? What are the practical implications of responsibility theory e.g. the moral justification of punishment, distributive justice? Readings will be mainly drawn from contemporary sources. PHIL 002 (ETHICS) is a prerequisite for this seminar. PHILOSOPHY MAJORS ONLY DISTRIBUTION I: SOCIETY
PHIL 414-301 PHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS Professor William Ewald, wewald@law.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 9:00-10:30 A general introduction to the philosophy of mathematics. The class will begin with some classical texts of Dedekind and Cantor, and then consider the principal philosophers of mathematics of the twentieth-century, with a focus on Poincare, Russell, Brouwer, and Hilbert.
PHIL 460-301 CONTINENTAL RATIONALISM Professor Karen Detlefsen, detlefse@nous.phil.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 10:30-12:00 In this course, we shall study the metaphysics and epistemology of Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz. Topics that will form the core of our investigation will include: the nature of substance, causation, the existence and nature of God, freedom and determinism, ideas, certainty and skepticism, and the relation between the empirical and the rational in the search for truth. DISTRIBUTION II: HISTORY & TRADITION
PHIL 465-401 KANT I Professor Paul Guyer, guyer@nous.phil.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 1:30-3:00 Cross Listed with: GRMN 551-401 This course is a study of Kant's theoretical philosophy, or what we now call epistemology and metaphysics. After a brief look at some of Kant's early works, the bulk of the course is given over to a close study of the Critique of Pure Reason. Topics to be discussed include Kant's views about space, time, substance, and causation; his theory of the self, self-knowledge, and knowledge of the external world; his critique of traditional metaphysical theories about the soul and God; and his theory of the regulative role of human reason. Students taking this course as German 551-401 will be expected to read a significant portion of the Critique in German. DISTRIBUTION II: HISTORY & TRADITION
PHIL 475-401 PHILOSOPHY, POLITICS AND ECONOMICS Professor Ulrike Heuer, ulrike@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday -- 3:00-6:00 Cross Listed with: PPE 475-401 We will use Joseph Raz's book--The Morality of Freedom-- as a thread and investigate the contemporary discussion of some of its subjects (such as well-being, authority, rights, incommensurability) in greater detail.
PHIL 479-301 MODERN POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY Professor Samuel Freeman, sfreeman@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday, Thursday -- 3:00-4:30 A study of some of the major modern philosophers of liberalism and democracy, and their socialist and communitarian critics. We begin with Rousseau's democratic social contract doctrine. Then we shall study Hegel's criticism of democracy and his attempt to accommodate liberalism with a communitarian view. Afterwards we study Mill's efforts to argue for liberalism from a utilitarian perspective. We then investigate Marx's attacks on liberalism and the idea of justice. Finally, we study Rawls's attempt to defend egalitarian liberalism against its leftist and communitarian critics. Texts for the course include Rousseau's Social Contract and Discourse on Inequality, Hegel's Philosophy of Right, J.S. Mill's On Liberty and The Subjection of Women, readings from Marx's Capital and other writings, and Rawls's A Theory of Justice. Open to graduate students and upper level undergraduates. Prior coursework in moral or political philosophy strongly advised. DISTRIBUTION I: SOCIETY
PHIL 485-401 FEMINIST SOCIAL & POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY Professor Milton Meyer, mwmeyer@nous.phil.upenn.edu Seminar: Monday -- 3:00-6:00 Cross Listed with: WSTD 425-401 This course seeks to assemble the philosophical evidence for feminist claims that traditional political theories are fundamentally inadequate because they have not, and presumably cannot, deal with basic facts of gender and the oppression of Women. We will begin by examining the nature of the distinction between sex and gender. This will take us through discussions of: the meaning and significance of categories being socially constructed, the possibility that sexual differences (and inequalities) are in some sense natural and what normative force this should have, and whether political theory must appeal to classes. We will then consider various attempts to describe the nature of women's oppression. What is it? How does it manifest itself in the lives of women? This will take us through discussions of freedom, constrained choice, ideology, "consciousness raising", identity politics and questions about the politically appropriate account of human interests. Along the way we will be considering two types of feminist frameworks: the humanist/sameness approach (represented by Susan Okin) and the dominance approach (represented by e.g. Catharine MacKinnon and Marilyn Frye) and how they analyze three presumed sites of oppression: sexuality, reproduction and work/family. We will end the term by considering 1) how egalitarian liberal writers (Mill and Rawls) address feminist concerns about inequality (especially those generated by the gendered institutions of marriage and family); and 2) whether a revised version of liberalism (as represented by A. Layden's Reasonably Radical) can do better. There will be one short paper (6-8 pages) with revision, a longer final paper (15 pages) and weekly one page reflections on a topic from the previous week's discussion. The prerequisite for undergraduates taking this course is one of the following Women's Studies courses: WSTD 002, WSTD 028/PHIL 028, WSTD 320 or two philosophy courses (preferably one of which is in moral or political philosophy). DISTRIBUTION I: SOCIETY
PHIL 509-301 MIDDLE PLATO Professor Charles Kahn, chkahn@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Wednesday -- 3:00-6:00 A careful reading of major Platonic dialogues, from the Apology to the Republic, with attention to both the development of philosophical doctrine and the mode of literary exposition. DISTRIBUTION II: HISTORY & TRADITION UNDERGRADUATES NEED PERMISSION
PHIL 530-301 INTROSPECTION Professor Gary Hatfield, hatfield%AT%linc.cis.upenn.edu Seminar: Monday -- 1:00-4:00 We will consider various questions concerning whether anything can be known about mental states by introspection, and if so, what. We will begin with some historical background in the early modern period, but most of the readings will be from the nineteenth to twenty-first centuries. UNDERGRADUATES NEED PERMISSION
PHIL 572-301 CONTEMPORARY ETHICS Professor Ulrike Heuer, ulrike@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Wednesday -- 3:00-6:00 We will investigate various questions concerning practical reason and theory of action, and, especially focus on action explanations and the role of emotions. DISTRIBUTION I: SOCIETY UNDERGRADUATES NEED PERMISSION
PHIL 580-301 19TH CENTURY AESTHETICS Professor Paul Guyer, guyer@nous.phil.upenn.edu Seminar: Wednesday -- 12:00-3:00 After a brief reading of Kant's Critique of the Power of Judgment, we will examine the various conceptions of imagination and the significance of art that emerged from it. Authors to be studies will include Friedrich Schiller, Friedrich Schelling, Georg Wilhelm Hegel, Arthur Schopenhauer, John Ruskin, and Friedrich Nietzsche. UNDERGRADUATES NEED PERMISSION
PHIL 600-301 PROSEMINAR Professor Thomas Ricketts, ricketts@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Monday -- 4:00-7:00 This seminar is restricted to first-year graduate students in philosophy. Emphasis is on rigorous training in the current problems of analytical philosophy.
PHIL 633-301 COLLOQUIUM IN AMERICAN HISTORY Professor Bruce Kuklick, bkuklick@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Wednesday -- 2:00-5:00 Cross Listed with: HIST 610-401 This is an intensive reading course in the primary sources from Darwin's Origin of Species to World War II. We will be reading in religion, philosophy, social thought, political theory, and the novel. We will also be attending to the social and psychological context of thought, and to the large secondary literature on American intellectual and cultural history. There will be short papers every week and intense discussion of sources.
PHIL 700-301 DISSERTATION WORKSHOP Professor Gary Hatfield, hatfield%AT%linc.cis.upenn.edu Seminar: Wednesday -- 6:30-9:00 Registration required for all third-year doctoral students. Fourth year students and beyond attend and present their work.
PHILOSOPHY, POLITICS AND ECONOMICS
PPE 008-401 THE SOCIAL CONTRACT Professor Samuel Freeman, sfreeman@sas.upenn.edu Lecture: Monday, Wednesday -- 12:00-1:00 Cross Listed with: PHIL 008-401 Registration Required for Lecture and Recitation RECITATIONS: PPE 008-402 Friday -- 12:00-1:00 David Caswell Cross Listed with PHIL 008-402 PPE 008-403 Friday -- 10:00-11:00 Matthew Lister Cross Listed with PHIL 008-403 PPE 008-404 Friday -- 12:00-1:00 Susan Mills Cross Listed with PHIL 008-404 PPE 008-405 Friday -- 2:00-3:00 Susan Mills Cross Listed with PHIL 008-405 PPE 008-406 Friday -- 1:00-2:00 David Caswell Cross Listed with PHIL 008-406 PPE 008-407 Friday -- 11:00-12:00 Matthew Lister Cross Listed with PHIL 008-407 This course examines the role of social contract doctrines in Western thought and culture. We will focus on the political writings of the major modern proponents of social contract theory: Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Rawls. We will contrast their views with the utilitarian tradition, as represented by the political and economic philosophy of David Hume and Adam Smith. The relationship between social contract doctrine and the theory of rational choice is also discussed, as well as contemporary libertarianism. The course is designed to provide an introduction to some of the main issues in modern political philosophy. It is a requirement for the PPE major. GENERAL REQUIREMENT I: SOCIETY
PPE 475-301 PHILOSOPHY, POLITICS AND ECONOMICS Staff Seminar: Wednesday -- 2:00-5:00 This course will consider issues of membership and belonging (and their antithesis, in the form of exclusion) through the careful study of a mix of classical and contemporary works. Of particular concern will be how ancient and modern political thinkers envisioned the boundaries of a political community, or what we often refer to as citizenship; the susceptibility of various political theories (and especially liberal theory) to the problem of exclusion; and how our sense of belonging in a political community is conditioned by its economic system. Readings may include sources as diverse as Aristotle, Locke, Marx, Arendt, Ellison, and Shklar. Seminar will emphasize careful reading of the texts and student discussion.
PPE MAJORS ONLY PPE 475-401 PHILOSOPHY, POLITICAL AND ECONOMICS Professor Ulrike Heuer, ulrike@sas.upenn.edu Seminar: Tuesday -- 3:00-6:00 Cross Listed with: PHIL 475-401 We will use Joseph Raz's book--The Morality of Freedom--as a thread and investigate the contemporary discussion of some of its subjects (such as well-being, authority, rights, incommensurability) in greater detail. PPE MAJORS ONLY
COLLEGE OF GENERAL STUDIES
PHIL 001-601 INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY Gary Purpura, gary.purpura@villanova.edu Lecture: Tuesday -- 6:30-9:10 An introduction to such topics as our knowledge of the material world, the relation of mind and body, the existence of God and the nature of morality. Readings from historical and contemporary sources. FULFILLS GENERAL REQUIREMENT II: HISTORY & TRADITION
PHIL 004-601 HISTORY OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY Toomas Puhvel, tpuhvel@sas.upenn.edu Lecture: Monday -- 6:30-9:10 An introductory course covering the development of philosophical thought from Descartes through Kant. Topics may include the appearance-reality distinction, the nature of ideas, sensations and perceptual knowledge, the Cartesian method and the relation of mind to body. In addition, contemporary sources will be used to refine our understanding of these issues. Readings may include Descartes Meditations, Locke's Essay, Hume's Inquiry, and Kant's Prolegomena. FULFILLS GENERAL REQUIREMENT II: HISTORY & TRADITION
PHIL 055-601 EXISTENTIALISM Thomas Meyer, tmeyer@nous.phil.upenn.edu Lecture: Wednesday -- 6:30-9:10
A critical examination of existentialist views of the nature of the moral
life. Readings from both classical (Kierkegaard and Nietzsche) and modern
existentialism (Sartre). FULFILLS DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENT II: HISTORY & TRADITION
PHIL 225-601 PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Professor Murad Akhundov, akhundov@sas.upenn.edu Lecture: Monday, Wednesday -- 5:30-7:00
A discussion of some philosophical questions that naturally arise in scientific research. Issues to be covered include: The nature of scientific explanation, the relation of theories to evidence, and the development of science (e.g., does science progress? Are earlier theories refuted or refined?). FULFILLS GENERAL REQUIREMENT VII: SCIENCE STUDIES
PHIL 428-640 VALUES & OBJECTS IN SCIENCE Staff Lecture: Monday -- 6:30-9:10 FULFILLS DISTRIBUTION I: SOCIETY
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June 3, 2002 |
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